Blacksmith
Modern Blacksmithing
Rational Horse Shoeing and Wagon Making
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with rules, tables, recipes, etc., useful to
manufactures, blacksmiths, machinists,
well-drillers, engineers, liverymen,
horse-shoers, farmers, wagon-makers,
mechanics, amateurs and all others who have
occasion to perform the work for which this
book is primarily intended.
By J.G. Holmstrom 1901
Wagon - Buggy Wheels in Sections
Our traveling smith had heard enough. This was a temperance
and tool lecture to him, he began to think of all the trips he
had made to this town. Twelve trips a year, three dollars a trip
for liquor and the time lost must be worth two dollars per day.
He figured it out and would have turned back if he had not
been so close to the place. He took a glass of beer but it didn't
taste as usual and he asked for a cigar. With this he returned,
and on the road home swore off for good. He bought a tire
holder at once to start in with, and by this time he is one of the
best smiths in the country, always at his stand ready to do the
work brought to him, and his customers now know that he is
to be found in his place, with tools of all kinds and a sober
hand to use them with. Do thou likewise.

WAGON - BUGGY WHEEL IN SECTIONS
Many of us remember the time when tires were made in
sections and nailed on, at this time the wheels were more
substantially made, because the tire could not be set as tight
as it is now, and the wheel had to
be made so that it would- stand
the usage almost independent of
the tire. Our endless tire is a great
improvement over the tires made
in sections. The wagon tires as
they are made now are, I think, as
near right as they can be, in
regard to size of iron, in
proportion to the wheel. But it is
different with buggy tires. I hold
that they are all made too light to
be of any protection to the
fellows. I understand the reason
why they are made this way, but if
a man wants a light rig, let that be
the exception and not the rule.  
Tire should not be less than
one-fourth of an inch thick for
seven-eighths wide, and
five-sixteenths for an inch wide
and over.
Wagon - Buggy Wheel
EXPANSION OF THE TIRE
A tire four feet in diameter will expand two inches and a quarter, or three-sixteenths of an inch to the foot. Steel tire
expands less. This is the expansion of red heat. If heated less it expands less, but it is no trouble to make the tire
expand for all the draw it needs.
A furnace for tire heating 'comes handy in cities where there is no chance for making a fire outside, but every smith
that has room for a fire outside will do better to heat the tire that way. Don't build a tire heating furnace in the shop
if wood is to be used for fuel, because the heat and smoke will turn in your face as soon as the doors of the furnace
are opened.
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